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80186 Microprocessors: Introduction and Architecture

Hello friends, today we are going to discuss the 80186 microprocessor with integrated peripherals. The Intel 80186 is an improved version of the 8086 microprocessor. 80186 is a 16-bit microprocessor with a 16-bit data bus and a 20-bit address bus. It has a programmable peripheral device integrated into the same package. The instruction set of the 80186 is a superset of the instruction set of the 8086. The term super-set means that all of the 8086 instructions will execute properly on an 80186, but the 80186 has a few additional instructions. The following figure shows the block diagram and pin diagram of 80186. The CPU is divided into seven independent functional parts. 80186 internal block diagram  80186 68-pins pin diagram  Functional parts of 80186 Microprocessor The Bus Interface Unit (BIU) Execution Unit (EU) Clock Generator Programmable interrupt controller Programmable Chip Select Unit (CSU) Programmable DMA Unit Programmable counter/timers The Bus Interface Unit

Applications of Computer

Hello friends, now a days every where we are using computer, without computer our life is nothing. from child to elder person needs technology either for doing their work done or to entertain their self. In this technology world kids are playing different games, for young generation stay away from computer its impossible. ladies can try different recipes from net and head of family can pay their different bills from net. Here we will see some different computer which are commonly used in homes, schools, industry and businesses , educational institutions and government offices. these are as follows..

1.    Computers in Education     

  • At colleges computers are used to teach courses.   
  • Computers are used to store and process educational information.   
  • Used to prepare time-table, examination result, staff information and payroll processing.              
  • Computer Aided Instructions (CAI) is a computer application used to provide appropriate information and testing knowledge.     
  • Students can explore their subject related information on computer.

2.    Computers in Industry

Computers have had a major impact in industries. 

  • Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used to design a product.       
  • Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is used to manufacture a product.
  • Computers are used to run robots that create, finish, assemble, test product and their components.       
  • Computer Based Training (CBT) is used to train people on procedures and techniques they need to know in their jobs.

3.    Computers in Business

  • Sales catalogs are now being computerized so that people can go for on-line shopping.            
  • Trading the stocks and shares.           
  • Home shopping and Internet banking.              
  • Doing office work while sitting at home.           
  • Desktop publishing to develop good printing materials.

4.    Computers in Communication 

  • Used in teleconferencing to communicate and discuss on-line projects and technologies.   
  • E-mail facility allows people to come out together globally. 
  • Voice mail increases communication by transmitting voice.         
  • Used as a switching element in telephone exchanges.         
  • Used in satellite communication.

5.    Computers in Entertainment and Multimedia 

  • Used in entertainment to create or enhance a production or performance.     
  • Computers can add some fun to the learning process.     
  • Used to create special effects in movies.   
  • Music software allows to edit recorded music or to create own. 
  • Used in animation to create cartoons and games
  • Computers play a growing role in dance, photography, painting and many other arts.

6.    Computers in Science and Engineering   

  • Powerful computers are used to simulate dynamic processes in the practice of science and engineering.     
  • Super computers have numerous applications in chemistry, physics, structural engineering and weather forecasting.   
  • Physicians use computers to understand the human body and to diagnose disorders.       
  • Satellites are commonly used in information technology.       
  • Used in Astronomy.   
  •  Simulation of dangerous experiments.

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